What Is a Penalty Shot in Ice Hockey?

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What Is a Penalty Shot in Ice Hockey?

What is a penalty shot, when is it awarded, and how is it executed?

Editor: Coach Mark • Updated: March 2, 2026

Short Answer

A penalty shot is awarded when a player is illegally denied a clear scoring opportunity on a breakaway, giving that player a one-on-one attempt against the goaltender.

Full Explanation

A penalty shot is called when a defending player commits a foul that prevents a clear scoring chance, typically during a breakaway. Common infractions include tripping, hooking, or throwing a stick.

During a penalty shot, the puck is placed at center ice. The attacking player skates toward the net in a continuous motion and attempts to score against the goaltender.

No other players are allowed to interfere. The play ends once a goal is scored, the goalie makes a save, or the puck moves away from the net.

If a goal is scored, play resumes with a center-ice faceoff. If no goal is scored, play continues normally.

Why Penalty Shots Exist

The rule protects players from being unfairly stopped during clear scoring chances and restores the opportunity that was illegally taken away.

Key Takeaways

  • A penalty shot is awarded for denying a clear scoring chance.
  • It is a one-on-one attempt against the goalie.
  • The player must skate in a continuous forward motion.
  • It restores a lost scoring opportunity.